Sustainable tourism challenges and initiatives in Zanzibar?

Jambo, I'm Maria, a travel and content creator living in Zanzibar since 2019.

Living in Zanzibar is wonderful — the beaches, spice farms, and vibrant culture are incredible and the people care deeply about their home. But like many popular destinations, the island faces challenges with waste management, recycling, and energy.

I'd like to open up a discussion about sustainable tourism initiatives in Zanzibar and invite other members to share their experiences or feedback.

Here's two topics I want to share my thoughts on: plastic waste, and clean energy.

Plastic waste

Plastic waste is a big problem, and when you visit, they remind you not to bring plastic bags inside the island. Many people are aware of the impact of plastic on the environment and marine life.

Interestingly, the local community has found creative ways to recycle and repurpose garbage; Plastic bottles and containers are reused and transformed into new products.

There are also glass recycling initiatives. Companies collect old glass bottles, like wine bottles, and turn them into a new glass products, giving a second life to what would otherwise become waste.

We often hear that tourism equals garbage - but it doesn't have to be this way. Tourism brings income, jobs, and cultural exchange, but it can be done sustainably. Hotels, businesses, residents, and visitors who prioritize recycling, reducing plastic, and reusing resources can make a huge difference.

Despite local efforts, garbage collection and awareness are still inconsistent, and require the collaboration between residents, businesses, visitors, and the government.

Clean energy

One thing you might notice when visiting is that electricity here can still be unpredictable. Many hotels still face power outages, especially during busy tourist season. The reality is that almost all hotels in Zanzibar rely on diesel generators. While generators provide electricity, they are expensive, noisy, and polluting. This means, that when fuel supplies are low on equipment fails, hotels can experience blackouts.

My husband works in the solar business, and we often talk about this topic. He tells me that many hotels still don't believe in solar - when they see the cost, they immediately drop the idea. We are in 2025, why don't more hotels use solar power?

Well, there are a few reasons.

The problem is they don't see the long term-benefits. Solar power can save money, reduce reliance on generators, and make businesses more sustainable. Some hotels have started using solar, and it's inspiring to see, but many are still hesitant.

Another reason for frequent power issues is that Zanzibar depends on electricity imported from mainland Tanzania. If there's a disruption in the national grid, the island feels the impact, and the reliance on generators becomes even more critical.

The government is aware of the issue and has introduced programs to encourage renewable energy, including tax breaks and pilot projects. However, implementation is slow, and many hotel owners either don't know about these programs or hesitate to invest. Awareness is key - many business simply don't realize the economic and environmental benefits of switching to solar.

For travelers; support eco-friendly hotels, enjoy the island, and know that Zanzibar has the potential to become a solar-powered paradise. With awareness, innovation, and responsible tourism, the island can maintain its stunning beaches, vibrant culture, and natural beauty for the generations to come.

If you've traveled to Zanzibar please share your experience from a sustainable tourism perspective, I'd be glad to hear about it!